Description. This volume brings together dynamic perspectives on the concept of liveness in the performing arts, engaging with the live through the particular analytical focus of audiences and experience. The status and significance of the live in performance has become contested: perceived as variously as a marker of ontological difference, a ...Implementing Liveness Detection with Google ML Kit. Liveness detection is the ability to differentiate between a live person and a static image of a person, given a set of photos. It’s an important …Sep 14, 2023 · Liveness detection is any technique used to detect a spoof attempt by determining whether the source of a biometric sample is a live human being or a fake representation. This is done using algorithms that analyze data collected from biometric sensors to determine whether the source is live or reproduced.Aug 10, 2021 · We study liveness and model checking problems for broadcast networks, a system model of identical clients communicating via message passing. The first problem that we consider is Liveness Verification. It asks whether there is a computation such that one clients visits a final state infinitely often. The complexity of the problem has been open. It …It got fixed, actual issue is due to deployment.yml file, liveness and readyness probes are mapped to 8090 but start probe was mapped to 8080 by the team. Due to this deployment got failed. Share. Improve this answer. Follow answered Jul 17, 2023 at 13:48. Sat Sat. 3,970 10 10 ...Jan 27, 2024 · Here’s how readiness and liveness state changes in terms of application lifecycle events in Spring: Registering listeners and initializers. Preparing the Environment. Preparing the ApplicationContext. Loading bean definitions. Changing the liveness state to CORRECT. Calling the application and command-line runners.Amazon Rekognition Face Liveness helps you verify that a user going through facial verification is physically present in front of a camera. It detects spoof attacks presented to a camera or trying to bypass a camera. Users can complete a Face Liveness check by taking a short video selfie where they follow a series of prompts intended to verify their presence.Time-Stamped 3D Liveness = No Security Honeypot Risk. Two types of data are required for every face authentication: 3D Face data for matching and real-time 3D Liveness data to prove the Face data was collected from a physically present person. 3D Liveness data is time-stamped, valid only for a few minutes, and can be deleted immediately.Liveness check enable: if it is set to yes, empty informational messages will be sent out after a time of inactivity. Liveness check or DPD for IKEv2 cannot be disabled on the PA-FW as per design. Resolution. IKEv2 tunnel going down due to DPD is an indication of connectivity issues between the VPN peers.Nov 5, 2019 · Abstract. Liveness is the central topic within this contribution to our book. Auslander and van Es discuss the concept of “Liveness”. Auslander can hereby be seen to be one of the “veterans” in the study of liveness and therefore one of the central temporalities we encounter in relation to media and other performance arts. liveness (usually uncountable, plural livenesses) The property of being alive. (computing theory) A set of properties of a concurrent system that require the system to make progress despite the fact that its concurrently executing processes may have to take turns in critical sections. Anagrams [edit] Nevilses, evilness, veinless, vileness, vineless Nov 13, 2023 · What is Kubernetes Liveness Probe. Liveness probes are a mechanism provided by Kubernetes which helps determine if applications running within containers are operational. This can help improve resilience and availability for Kubernetes pods. By default, Kubernetes controllers check if a pod is running, and if not, restart it according to …Nov 13, 2023 · What is Kubernetes Liveness Probe. Liveness probes are a mechanism provided by Kubernetes which helps determine if applications running within containers are operational. This can help improve resilience and availability for Kubernetes pods. By default, Kubernetes controllers check if a pod is running, and if not, restart it according to …Jun 8, 2023 · Kubernetes uses liveness probes to determine when to restart a container. Readiness probes determine whether a container can receive traffic. These probes can be used to delay sending traffic to a new instance until an application has completed tasks. Startup probes detect when an application inside a container finishes its initialization. Deep Learning meets Liveness Detection: Recent Advancements and Challenges. Arian Sabaghi, Marzieh Oghbaie, Kooshan Hashemifard, Mohammad Akbari. Facial biometrics has been recently received tremendous attention as a convenient replacement for traditional authentication systems. Consequently, detecting malicious …Definitions of liveness. noun. the property of being animated; having animal life as distinguished from plant life. synonyms: aliveness, animateness. see more.Next, in the liveness detection phase, the mirror is made impermeable for light and a part of the fingertip placed on the aperture is mirrored to the right and projected on the CCD/CMOS camera by a macro lens. The latter part of the system is used to acquire a video sequence for the liveness detection analysis. 2.9.2.LIVELINESS definition: 1. the quality of being interesting and exciting: 2. the quality of being full of energy and…. Learn more.Kubernetes offers two types of health checks: readiness and liveness, and both of them have their own purpose. In the context of this article will choose: /.well-known/live — for HTTP live probe Liveness: Performance in a Mediatized Culture addresses what may be the single most important question facing all kinds of performance today. What is the status of live performance in a culture dominated by mass media and digital technologies? Since its first appearance, Philip Auslander’s groundbreaking book has helped to reconfigure a new area of study. Looking at specific instances of ... Apr 14, 2024 · Description. This volume brings together dynamic perspectives on the concept of liveness in the performing arts, engaging with the live through the particular analytical focus of audiences and experience. The status and significance of the live in performance has become contested: perceived as variously as a marker of ontological …Oct 5, 2023 · Liveness detection is the process of confirming that biometric data, such as fingerprints, facial images, or iris scans, originates from a genuine, living person rather than a fraudulent attempt (“spoof” or “presentation attack”). It employs algorithms to analyze and validate the authenticity of biometric data, preventing unauthorized ...Liveness properties are closed under arbitrary unions, but not under intersections. • ⊤ is the only property which is both a safety and a liveness property. • For any property φ there exists a safety property φs and a liveness property φ L such that φ = (φ S ∩ φ L).Liveness and Readiness probes are Kubernetes capabilities that enable teams to make their containerised applications more reliable and robust. However, if used inappropriately they can result in none of the intended benefits, and can actually make a microservice based application unstable. The purpose of each probe is quite simple and …Mar 11, 2019 · liveness.model: Our serialized Keras model which detects face liveness. plot.png : The training history plot shows accuracy and loss curves so we can assess our model (i.e. over/underfitting). liveness_demo.py : Our demonstration script will fire up your webcam to grab frames to conduct face liveness detection in real-time. Oz Liveness is a leading facial recognition and authentication software used by private and public organizations across the globe to lower the risk of biometric fraud by preventing deepfake and spoofing attacks with 100% accuracy, validated by the industry’s most rigorous testing standard, ISO 30107 certification. Review and survey articles: The literature on face liveness detection revealed 4 review articles in earlier. specified period of last five years. These reviews mainly investigated literature in ...Liveness detection is a short motion capture where we ask you to complete a few simple actions to verify a real, live person is completing the identity request. What if I can’t access my camera for liveness check? If you are receiving the following message “We are unable to access your web cam to start liveness detection.Nov 10, 2020 · Liveness and readiness are the two main probe types available in OpenShift. They have similar configuration APIs but different meanings to the platform. When a liveness probe fails, it signals to OpenShift that the probed container is dead and should be restarted. When a readiness probe fails, it indicates to OpenShift that the container being ... Liveness. A liveness property prescribes good things for every execution or, equivalently, describes something that must happen during an execution. The good thing need not be discrete—it might involve an infinite number of steps. Examples of a good thing used to define a liveness property include: Mar 25, 2020 · This page shows how to configure liveness, readiness and startup probes for containers. The kubelet uses liveness probes to know when to restart a container. For example, liveness probes could catch a deadlock, where an application is running, but unable to make progress. Restarting a container in such a state can help to make the application ... ADVANCE.AI Liveness Detection is used to distinguish digital representations of a user's face, between a live image, a 2D printed or a video clip by checking the live person's facial movements. It is widely used in various industries to verify the identities of their customers.Description. This volume brings together dynamic perspectives on the concept of liveness in the performing arts, engaging with the live through the particular analytical focus of audiences and experience. The status and significance of the live in performance has become contested: perceived as variously as a marker of ontological difference, a ... Implementing Oz Liveness detection from Oz Forensics has been a game-changer for us. The SaaS solution has enabled us to streamline our identity verification process, reducing manual workload and improving efficiency. We can now conduct 25,000 liveness verifications per month, which is a significant improvement from our previous manual process. Jan 24, 2024 · Abstract ¶. This document introduces data flow analysis in an informal way. The goal is to give the reader an intuitive understanding of how it works, and show how it applies to a range of refactoring and bug finding problems. Data flow analysis is a well-established technique; it is described in many papers, books, and videos. live 1 (lĭv) v. lived, liv·ing, lives v.intr. 1. To be alive; exist. 2. To continue to be alive: lived through a bad accident. 3. To support oneself; subsist ... Mar 1, 2023 · Command execution liveness probe: This probe runs a command or script inside the container. If the command terminates with 0 as its exit code, it means the container is running as expected. 2. HTTP GET liveness probe: This probe sends an HTTP GET request to a URL in the container. If the container’s response includes an HTTP status code in ... Oct 5, 2023 · Liveness detection is the process of confirming that biometric data, such as fingerprints, facial images, or iris scans, originates from a genuine, living person rather than a fraudulent attempt (“spoof” or “presentation attack”). It employs algorithms to analyze and validate the authenticity of biometric data, preventing unauthorized ... With the rapid development of fingerprint recognition systems, fingerprint liveness detection is gradually becoming regarded as the main countermeasure to protect the fingerprint identification system from spoofing attacks. Convolutional neural networks have shown great potential in fingerprint liveness detection. However, the generalization … Liveness. A liveness property prescribes good things for every execution or, equivalently, describes something that must happen during an execution. The good thing need not be discrete—it might involve an infinite number of steps. Examples of a good thing used to define a liveness property include: Liveness check is created when Kubernetes creates pod and is recreated each time that Pod is restarted. In your configuration you have set initialDelaySeconds: 20 so after creating a pod, Kubernetes will wait 20 seconds, then it will call liveness probe 3 times (as default value failureThreshold: 3).Abstract. Television's liveness has long been seen as one of its key features. This paper argues that “liveness” is not a textual feature, but a more fundamental category (in Durkheim's sense) that contributes to underlying conceptions of how media are involved in social organization through their provision of privileged access to central social “realities.”Active liveness checks involve prompting the user to perform specific actions, such as blinking, smiling, or moving their head, to ensure their physical presence during the authentication process. Passive liveness checks, on the other hand, utilize advanced algorithms to analyze subtle facial movements and detect signs of life without requiring …Liveness: Performance in a Mediatized Society begins with an overview of live performance and reveals that media technology has encroached on live events to the point where many, like concerts and sporting events that feature jumbo video screens, are hardly live at all. Auslander offers a way of understanding the history of this development ...Sep 27, 2022 · 存活探针. Kubernetes提供了自愈的能力，具体就是能感知到容器崩溃，然后能够重启这个容器。. 但是有时候例如Java程序内存泄漏了，程序无法正常工作，但是JVM进程却是一直运行的，对于这种应用本身业务出了问题的情况，Kubernetes提供了Liveness Probe机制，通过 ...ADVANCE.AI Liveness Detection is used to distinguish digital representations of a user's face, between a live image, a 2D printed or a video clip by checking the live person's facial movements. It is widely used in various industries to verify the identities of their customers.live 1 (lĭv) v. lived, liv·ing, lives v.intr. 1. To be alive; exist. 2. To continue to be alive: lived through a bad accident. 3. To support oneself; subsist: living on rice and fish; lives on a small inheritance. 4. To reside; dwell: lives on a farm. 5. To conduct one's life in a particular manner: lived frugally. 6. To pursue a positive, satisfying ...The following diagrams detail how Amazon Rekognition Face Liveness operates regarding the feature's architecture and sequence of operations: The Face Liveness check process involves several steps as outlined in the following: The user initiates a Face Liveness check in the Client App. The Client App calls the customer's backend, which in turn ...Jul 26, 2021 · T5-LDS (Liveness Detection System) is a real-time anti-spoofing biometric technology based on neural networks. The system can operate in combination with T5-Face recognition technology (1:1) or as a standalone solution to determine if a detected face is a real person and the owner of the ID or a spoofing attack. Oz Liveness is a leading facial recognition and authentication software used by private and public organizations across the globe to lower the risk of biometric fraud by preventing deepfake and spoofing attacks with 100% accuracy, validated by the industry’s most rigorous testing standard, ISO 30107 certification. Aug 30, 2022 · 介绍K8S 提供了3种探针readinessProbe livenessProbe startupProbe（这个1.16版本增加的）1、startupProbereadinessProbe：指示容器是否准备好服务请求（是否启动完成并就绪）。. 绪探针初始延迟之前的就绪状态默认为Failure，待容器启动成功弹指指标探测结果为成功后，状态变更 ...5 days ago · Active Liveness detection. Users are required to respond to “challenges” such as head motions, smiling, and blinking, which takes time and effort. This method is more reliable and trustworthy than passive liveness, but we have seen a move from active solutions to today’s modern, passive liveness detection is being driven by the fact that ...Active liveness detection operates with precision and attentiveness, crucial for robust biometric authentication. It captures multiple images (at least two) of the user in motion, often requiring facial movements. Advanced artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities analyse and confirm the identity of a real person.Nov 13, 2023 · Liveness Probe—indicates if the container is operating. If so, no action is taken. If not, the kubelet kills and restarts the container. Learn more in our guide to Kubernetes liveness probes. Readiness Probe—indicates whether the application running in the container is ready to accept requests. If so, Services matching the pod are allowed ... Apr 4, 2024 · Exec probes are Liveness or Readiness probes specifically intended for VMs. These probes run a command inside the VM and determine the VM ready/live state based on its success. For running commands inside the VMs, the qemu-guest-agent package is used. A command supplied to an exec probe will be wrapped by virt-probe in the …Dec 23, 2021 · Safety and Liveness Guarantees through Reach-Avoid Reinforcement Learning. Reach-avoid optimal control problems, in which the system must reach certain goal conditions while staying clear of unacceptable failure modes, are central to safety and liveness assurance for autonomous robotic systems, but their exact solutions are …Liveness detection refers to technology that confirms the user is a real, live person. It detects eye movements, head rotation, and uses 3D depth perception to … 쉽게 말하자면 라이브 여부를 확인하는 기술입니다. Live의 여부를 Detect 하는 것이 Liveness Detection (라이브니스 디텍션)의 뜻입니다. 아르고스 KYC처럼 다양한 국가에서 제출되는 신분증과 셀카 사진 (selfie)을 확인하며 KYC를 진행해야 하는 경우 신분증이나 셀피 ... Face liveness detection. Contribute to leokwu/livenessnet development by creating an account on GitHub. Navigation Menu Skip to content. Toggle navigation. Sign in Product Actions. Automate any workflow Packages. Host and manage packages Security. Find and fix vulnerabilities Codespaces ...Mar 25, 2020 · This page shows how to configure liveness, readiness and startup probes for containers. The kubelet uses liveness probes to know when to restart a container. For example, liveness probes could catch a deadlock, where an application is running, but unable to make progress. Restarting a container in such a state can help to make the application ... His most recently published books are Performing Glam Rock: Gender and Theatricality in Popular Music and the second edition of Liveness: Performance in a Mediatized Culture. Auslander also writes about visual art, including reviews for ArtForum and other publications, and catalogue essays for museums and galleries in Europe, the …Spring Boot中Liveness 与 Readiness探针. 1. Overview. In this tutorial, we’re going to see how Spring Boot 2.3 integrates with Kubernetes probes to create an even more pleasant cloud-native experience. First, we’ll start with a little bit of a background on Kubernetes probes. Then we’ll switch gears and see how Spring Boot 2.3 supports ...live 1 (lĭv) v. lived, liv·ing, lives v.intr. 1. To be alive; exist. 2. To continue to be alive: lived through a bad accident. 3. To support oneself; subsist: living on rice and fish; lives on a small inheritance. 4. To reside; dwell: lives on a farm. 5. To conduct one's life in a particular manner: lived frugally. 6. To pursue a positive, satisfying ... Books. Liveness: Performance in a Mediatized Culture. Philip Auslander. Psychology Press, 1999 - Art - 179 pages. In Liveness Philip Auslander addresses what may be the single most important question facing all kinds of performance today: What is the status of live performance in a culture dominated by mass media? By looking at specific ... Various liveness detection techniques have been presented in the past few years. Anti-spoofing algorithms can differentiate between genuine and fake traits using multiple physiological properties. Due to their well-known uniqueness and persistence, fingerprints are one of the most significant biometric characteristics.Liveness Probe. A liveness probe checks if the container in which it is configured is still running. If the liveness probe fails, the kubelet kills the container, which will be subjected to its restart policy. Set a liveness check by configuring the template.spec.containers.livenessprobe stanza of a pod configuration. Readiness ProbeLiveness checks are used in KYC for onboarding new applicants and ongoing authentication. The Liveness neural network scans the user's face and creates a 3D map for analyzing the image and adapting to its changes. It takes just a second to recognize the facial features and report whether the applicant is a real person (not a deepfake, an AI ...But, my need is to fetch some deployment/runtime details from k8s. for ex; in our deployment we have 3 web applications, kafka, couple of databases etc. Let us call those apps as ms-A, ms-B, ms-C. And say 2 instances of each are running. Assuming that liveness, readiness probes are configured, kubernetes now has that information.Deep Learning meets Liveness Detection: Recent Advancements and Challenges. Arian Sabaghi, Marzieh Oghbaie, Kooshan Hashemifard, Mohammad Akbari. Facial biometrics has been recently received tremendous attention as a convenient replacement for traditional authentication systems. Consequently, detecting malicious …ADVANCE.AI Liveness Detection is used to distinguish digital representations of a user's face, between a live image, a 2D printed or a video clip by checking the live person's facial movements. It is widely used in various industries to verify the identities of their customers.Various liveness detection techniques have been presented in the past few years. Anti-spoofing algorithms can differentiate between genuine and fake traits using multiple physiological properties. Due to their well-known uniqueness and persistence, fingerprints are one of the most significant biometric characteristics.Liveness detection for fingerprint impressions plays a role in the meaningful prevention of any unauthorized activity or phishing attempt. The accessibility of unique individual identification has increased the popularity of biometrics. Deep learning with computer vision has proven remarkable results in image classification, detection, and … Amazon Rekognition Face Liveness analyzes a short selfie video to detect spoofs presented to the camera, such as printed photos, digital photos, digital videos, or 3D masks, as well as spoofs that bypass the camera, such as pre-recorded or deepfake videos. Face Liveness is a fully managed feature that can be easily added to your React web ... ADVANCE.AI Liveness Detection is used to distinguish digital representations of a user's face, between a live image, a 2D printed or a video clip by checking the live person's facial movements. It is widely used in various industries to verify the identities of their customers.For liveness detection, it can be concluded that CNN based method could be used to classify live and fake faces with a promising result. Therefore, in this study, a lightweight CNN liveness detection model that can be implemented on an attendance system using Raspberry Pi will be proposed.Oct 6, 2020 · Liveness probe. This is for detecting whether the application process has crashed/deadlocked. If a liveness probe fails, Kubernetes will stop the pod, and create a new one. Readiness probe. This is for detecting whether the application is ready to handle requests. If a readiness probe fails, Kubernetes will leave the pod running, but won't send ...We call the broad class of all properties temporal properties. There are two kinds of temporal properties: “safety” properties say our system doesn’t do bad things. “liveness” properties say our system always does a good thing. “We do not violate any database constraints” is safety, “All transactions either complete or roll back ...I have investigated bitnami/redis charts and find out how do they implement liveness/readiness probe. From their charts, they create a health-configmap, which contains a shell script using redis-cli ping to health check redis server, and handle responses. Here is the configmap defined:Dec 23, 2021 · Safety and Liveness Guarantees through Reach-Avoid Reinforcement Learning. Reach-avoid optimal control problems, in which the system must reach certain goal conditions while staying clear of unacceptable failure modes, are central to safety and liveness assurance for autonomous robotic systems, but their exact solutions are …We study liveness and model checking problems for broadcast networks, a system model of identical clients communicating via message passing. The first problem that we consider is Liveness Verification. It asks whether there is a computation such that one clients visits a final state infinitely often. The complexity of the problem has been open. It … Liveness is the quality or state of being live, especially the reverberant quality of a room. Learn more about the word history, usage, and related terms of liveness from Merriam-Webster dictionary.
liveness (usually uncountable, plural livenesses) The property of being alive. (computing theory) A set of properties of a concurrent system that require the system to make progress despite the fact that its concurrently executing processes may have to take turns in critical sections. Anagrams [edit] Nevilses, evilness, veinless, vileness, vineless . Ncmedicaidplans gov
Liveness detection for fingerprint impressions plays a role in the meaningful prevention of any unauthorized activity or phishing attempt. The accessibility of unique individual identification has increased the popularity of biometrics. Deep learning with computer vision has proven remarkable results in image classification, detection, and …Note: We recommend customers to explore Amazon Rekognition Face Liveness, a new feature to deter fraud in facial verification, that is now generally available. Face Liveness detects spoofs presented to the camera (e.g. printed photos, digital photos or videos, or 3D masks) and spoofs that bypass the camera (e.g. pre-recorded real or …Mar 25, 2020 · Liveness and Readiness in Kubernetes. In Kubernetes, the Liveness and Readiness Kubernetes concepts represent facets of the application state. The Liveness state of an application tells whether the internal state is valid. If Liveness is broken, this means that the application itself is in a failed state and cannot recover from it.One of which, is Liveness Detection. The Turing Test could be described as a challenge which determines if a machine could be mistaken as human for a specific mode of interactions. In contrast, Liveness Detection is a test to uncover a machine that is pretending to be human. In 2019, Facebook terminated 5.4 billion fake accounts.Aug 30, 2022 · 介绍K8S 提供了3种探针readinessProbe livenessProbe startupProbe（这个1.16版本增加的）1、startupProbereadinessProbe：指示容器是否准备好服务请求（是否启动完成并就绪）。. 绪探针初始延迟之前的就绪状态默认为Failure，待容器启动成功弹指指标探测结果为成功后，状态变更 ...Aug 10, 2021 · We study liveness and model checking problems for broadcast networks, a system model of identical clients communicating via message passing. The first problem that we consider is Liveness Verification. It asks whether there is a computation such that one clients visits a final state infinitely often. The complexity of the problem has been open. It …What does the noun liveness mean? There are four meanings listed in OED's entry for the noun liveness . See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and quotation evidence.Face liveness detection is a critical preprocessing step in face recognition for avoiding face spoofing attacks, where an impostor can impersonate a valid user for authentication. While considerable research has been recently done in improving the accuracy of face liveness detection, the best current approaches use a two-step process …We study liveness and model checking problems for broadcast networks, a system model of identical clients communicating via message passing. The first problem that we consider is Liveness Verification. It asks whether there is a computation such that one clients visits a final state infinitely often. The complexity of the problem has been open. It …Jan 27, 2024 · However, since Spring Boot 2.3.2, this property is deprecated due to configuration confusion. If we work with Spring Boot 2.3.2, we can use the new properties to enable liveness and readiness probes: management.endpoint.health.probes.enabled=true. management.health.livenessState.enabled=true. Liveness: Performance in a Mediatized Society begins with an overview of live performance and reveals that media technology has encroached on live events to the point where many, like concerts and sporting events that feature jumbo video screens, are hardly live at all. Auslander offers a way of understanding the history of this development ...Liveness Probes: checks your containers are alive. Readiness Probes: checks your containers are able to do productive work. Kubernetes assumes responsibility that your containers in your Pods are alive. If not, it restarts the containers that fail liveness probes. Kubernetes do not assume responsibility for your Pods to be ready.Liopa LipSecure: Robust liveness detection: User is asked to repeat on-screen sequence of digits. Liopa’s VSR technology checks if digits are spoken correctly and thus determines if a ‘live’ person is present. Software-based: LipSecure is software-based – no expensive sensors required.Sep 27, 2022 · 存活探针. Kubernetes提供了自愈的能力，具体就是能感知到容器崩溃，然后能够重启这个容器。. 但是有时候例如Java程序内存泄漏了，程序无法正常工作，但是JVM进程却是一直运行的，对于这种应用本身业务出了问题的情况，Kubernetes提供了Liveness Probe机制，通过 ...Protect against identity spoofing by automatically comparing a selfie to the ID portrait with a 3-point composite and liveness checks. Get a demo. Try it now. Trusted by startups & the world’s largest companies. Verify users’ physical identity during onboarding.Liveness. A liveness property prescribes good things for every execution or, equivalently, describes something that must happen during an execution. The good …Discover Liveness Detection: Protecting biometric authentication from presentation attacks. Learn how it works for secure verification. Explore the concept of …ADVANCE.AI Liveness Detection is used to distinguish digital representations of a user's face, between a live image, a 2D printed or a video clip by checking the live person's facial movements. It is widely used in various industries to verify the identities of their customers.Description. This volume brings together dynamic perspectives on the concept of liveness in the performing arts, engaging with the live through the particular analytical focus of audiences and experience. The status and significance of the live in performance has become contested: perceived as variously as a marker of ontological difference, a ....